diff --git a/app/api/errors.py b/app/api/errors.py
index ed8d0f3f6..b86d2b236 100644
--- a/app/api/errors.py
+++ b/app/api/errors.py
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
 # FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
 # COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
 # IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
-# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.from flask import jsonify
+# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+from flask import jsonify
 from werkzeug.http import HTTP_STATUS_CODES
 
 
diff --git a/app/scodoc/html_sco_header.py b/app/scodoc/html_sco_header.py
index c204e7403..7e35c3b33 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/html_sco_header.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/html_sco_header.py
@@ -318,13 +318,7 @@ def sco_footer():
 
 
 def html_sem_header(
-    REQUEST,
-    title,
-    sem=None,
-    with_page_header=True,
-    with_h2=True,
-    page_title=None,
-    **args
+    title, sem=None, with_page_header=True, with_h2=True, page_title=None, **args
 ):
     "Titre d'une page semestre avec lien vers tableau de bord"
     # sem now unused and thus optional...
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_abs.py b/app/scodoc/sco_abs.py
index be823d336..5eb7f7f4d 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_abs.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_abs.py
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ def add_absence(
     sco_abs_notification.abs_notify(etudid, jour)
 
 
-def add_justif(etudid, jour, matin, REQUEST, description=None):
+def add_justif(etudid, jour, matin, description=None):
     "Ajoute un justificatif dans la base"
     # unpublished
     if _isFarFutur(jour):
@@ -664,7 +664,9 @@ def add_justif(etudid, jour, matin, REQUEST, description=None):
     cnx = ndb.GetDBConnexion()
     cursor = cnx.cursor(cursor_factory=ndb.ScoDocCursor)
     cursor.execute(
-        "insert into absences (etudid,jour,estabs,estjust,matin, description) values (%(etudid)s,%(jour)s, FALSE, TRUE, %(matin)s, %(description)s )",
+        """INSERT INTO absences (etudid, jour, estabs, estjust, matin, description)
+        VALUES (%(etudid)s, %(jour)s, FALSE, TRUE, %(matin)s, %(description)s)
+        """,
         vars(),
     )
     logdb(
@@ -677,7 +679,7 @@ def add_justif(etudid, jour, matin, REQUEST, description=None):
     invalidate_abs_etud_date(etudid, jour)
 
 
-def _add_abslist(abslist, REQUEST, moduleimpl_id=None):
+def add_abslist(abslist, moduleimpl_id=None):
     for a in abslist:
         etudid, jour, ampm = a.split(":")
         if ampm == "am":
@@ -688,7 +690,7 @@ def _add_abslist(abslist, REQUEST, moduleimpl_id=None):
             raise ValueError("invalid ampm !")
         # ajoute abs si pas deja absent
         if count_abs(etudid, jour, jour, matin, moduleimpl_id) == 0:
-            add_absence(etudid, jour, matin, 0, REQUEST, "", moduleimpl_id)
+            add_absence(etudid, jour, matin, 0, "", moduleimpl_id)
 
 
 def annule_absence(etudid, jour, matin, moduleimpl_id=None):
@@ -720,7 +722,7 @@ def annule_absence(etudid, jour, matin, moduleimpl_id=None):
     invalidate_abs_etud_date(etudid, jour)
 
 
-def annule_justif(etudid, jour, matin, REQUEST=None):
+def annule_justif(etudid, jour, matin):
     "Annule un justificatif"
     # unpublished
     matin = _toboolean(matin)
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_abs_views.py b/app/scodoc/sco_abs_views.py
index a14827ad0..d4632bbc1 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_abs_views.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_abs_views.py
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ def doSignaleAbsence(
     estjust=False,
     description=None,
     etudid=False,
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):  # etudid implied
     """Signalement d'une absence.
 
@@ -69,7 +68,8 @@ def doSignaleAbsence(
         demijournee: 2 si journée complète, 1 matin, 0 après-midi
         estjust: absence justifiée
         description: str
-        etudid: etudiant concerné. Si non spécifié, cherche dans REQUEST.form
+        etudid: etudiant concerné. Si non spécifié, cherche dans
+        les paramètres de la requête courante.
     """
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True, etudid=etudid)[0]
     etudid = etud["etudid"]
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ def doSignaleAbsence(
     return "\n".join(H)
 
 
-def SignaleAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
+def SignaleAbsenceEtud():  # etudid implied
     """Formulaire individuel simple de signalement d'une absence"""
     # brute-force portage from very old dtml code ...
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True)[0]
@@ -225,7 +225,6 @@ def SignaleAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
         sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
             etudid=etudid,
             title="fiche de " + etud["nomprenom"],
-            REQUEST=REQUEST,
         ),
         """</a></td></tr></table>""",
         """
@@ -278,7 +277,6 @@ def doJustifAbsence(
     demijournee,
     description=None,
     etudid=False,
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):  # etudid implied
     """Justification d'une absence
 
@@ -288,7 +286,8 @@ def doJustifAbsence(
         demijournee: 2 si journée complète, 1 matin, 0 après-midi
         estjust: absence justifiée
         description: str
-        etudid: etudiant concerné. Si non spécifié, cherche dans REQUEST.form
+        etudid: etudiant concerné. Si non spécifié, cherche dans les
+        paramètres de la requête.
     """
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True, etudid=etudid)[0]
     etudid = etud["etudid"]
@@ -302,14 +301,12 @@ def doJustifAbsence(
                 etudid=etudid,
                 jour=jour,
                 matin=False,
-                REQUEST=REQUEST,
                 description=description_abs,
             )
             sco_abs.add_justif(
                 etudid=etudid,
                 jour=jour,
                 matin=True,
-                REQUEST=REQUEST,
                 description=description_abs,
             )
             nbadded += 2
@@ -318,7 +315,6 @@ def doJustifAbsence(
                 etudid=etudid,
                 jour=jour,
                 matin=demijournee,
-                REQUEST=REQUEST,
                 description=description_abs,
             )
             nbadded += 1
@@ -354,7 +350,7 @@ def doJustifAbsence(
     return "\n".join(H)
 
 
-def JustifAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
+def JustifAbsenceEtud():  # etudid implied
     """Formulaire individuel simple de justification d'une absence"""
     # brute-force portage from very old dtml code ...
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True)[0]
@@ -373,7 +369,6 @@ def JustifAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
         sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
             etudid=etudid,
             title="fiche de " + etud["nomprenom"],
-            REQUEST=REQUEST,
         ),
         """</a></td></tr></table>""",
         """
@@ -409,9 +404,7 @@ Raison: <input type="text" name="description" size="42"/> (optionnel)
     return "\n".join(H)
 
 
-def doAnnuleAbsence(
-    datedebut, datefin, demijournee, etudid=False, REQUEST=None
-):  # etudid implied
+def doAnnuleAbsence(datedebut, datefin, demijournee, etudid=False):  # etudid implied
     """Annulation des absences pour une demi journée"""
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True, etudid=etudid)[0]
     etudid = etud["etudid"]
@@ -459,7 +452,7 @@ autre absence pour <b>%(nomprenom)s</b></a></li>
     return "\n".join(H)
 
 
-def AnnuleAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
+def AnnuleAbsenceEtud():  # etudid implied
     """Formulaire individuel simple d'annulation d'une absence"""
     # brute-force portage from very old dtml code ...
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True)[0]
@@ -479,7 +472,6 @@ def AnnuleAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
         sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
             etudid=etudid,
             title="fiche de " + etud["nomprenom"],
-            REQUEST=REQUEST,
         ),
         """</a></td></tr></table>""",
         """<p>A n'utiliser que suite à une erreur de saisie ou lorsqu'il s'avère que l'étudiant était en fait présent. </p>
@@ -545,7 +537,7 @@ def AnnuleAbsenceEtud(REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
     return "\n".join(H)
 
 
-def doAnnuleJustif(datedebut0, datefin0, demijournee, REQUEST=None):  # etudid implied
+def doAnnuleJustif(datedebut0, datefin0, demijournee):  # etudid implied
     """Annulation d'une justification"""
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True)[0]
     etudid = etud["etudid"]
@@ -555,11 +547,11 @@ def doAnnuleJustif(datedebut0, datefin0, demijournee, REQUEST=None):  # etudid i
     for jour in dates:
         # Attention: supprime matin et après-midi
         if demijournee == 2:
-            sco_abs.annule_justif(etudid, jour, False, REQUEST=REQUEST)
-            sco_abs.annule_justif(etudid, jour, True, REQUEST=REQUEST)
+            sco_abs.annule_justif(etudid, jour, False)
+            sco_abs.annule_justif(etudid, jour, True)
             nbadded += 2
         else:
-            sco_abs.annule_justif(etudid, jour, demijournee, REQUEST=REQUEST)
+            sco_abs.annule_justif(etudid, jour, demijournee)
             nbadded += 1
     #
     H = [
@@ -713,7 +705,6 @@ def formChoixSemestreGroupe(all=False):
 def CalAbs(etudid, sco_year=None):
     """Calendrier des absences d'un etudiant"""
     # crude portage from 1999 DTML
-    REQUEST = None  # XXX
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True, etudid=etudid)[0]
     etudid = etud["etudid"]
     anneescolaire = int(scu.AnneeScolaire(sco_year))
@@ -763,7 +754,6 @@ def CalAbs(etudid, sco_year=None):
             sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
                 etudid=etudid,
                 title="fiche de " + etud["nomprenom"],
-                REQUEST=REQUEST,
             ),
         ),
         CalHTML,
@@ -788,7 +778,6 @@ def ListeAbsEtud(
     format="html",
     absjust_only=0,
     sco_year=None,
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):
     """Liste des absences d'un étudiant sur l'année en cours
     En format 'html': page avec deux tableaux (non justifiées et justifiées).
@@ -807,10 +796,10 @@ def ListeAbsEtud(
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(etudid=etudid, filled=True)[0]
 
     # Liste des absences et titres colonnes tables:
-    titles, columns_ids, absnonjust, absjust = _TablesAbsEtud(
+    titles, columns_ids, absnonjust, absjust = _tables_abs_etud(
         etudid, datedebut, with_evals=with_evals, format=format
     )
-    if REQUEST:
+    if request.base_url:
         base_url_nj = "%s?etudid=%s&absjust_only=0" % (request.base_url, etudid)
         base_url_j = "%s?etudid=%s&absjust_only=1" % (request.base_url, etudid)
     else:
@@ -893,13 +882,12 @@ def ListeAbsEtud(
         raise ValueError("Invalid format !")
 
 
-def _TablesAbsEtud(
+def _tables_abs_etud(
     etudid,
     datedebut,
     with_evals=True,
     format="html",
     absjust_only=0,
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):
     """Tables des absences justifiees et non justifiees d'un étudiant
     sur l'année en cours
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_archives.py b/app/scodoc/sco_archives.py
index 99ff48269..9cdb7b4e9 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_archives.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_archives.py
@@ -395,7 +395,6 @@ def formsemestre_archive(REQUEST, formsemestre_id, group_ids=[]):
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Archiver les PV et résultats du semestre",
             sem=sem,
             javascripts=sco_groups_view.JAVASCRIPTS,
@@ -517,7 +516,7 @@ def formsemestre_list_archives(REQUEST, formsemestre_id):
         }
         L.append(a)
 
-    H = [html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, "Archive des PV et résultats ", sem)]
+    H = [html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Archive des PV et résultats ", sem)]
     if not L:
         H.append("<p>aucune archive enregistrée</p>")
     else:
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_bulletins.py b/app/scodoc/sco_bulletins.py
index cb2225e86..91b9a2efc 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_bulletins.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_bulletins.py
@@ -1217,9 +1217,7 @@ def _formsemestre_bulletinetud_header_html(
         """
         % (
             url_for("scolar.ficheEtud", scodoc_dept=g.scodoc_dept, etudid=etudid),
-            sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
-                etud, title="fiche de " + etud["nom"], REQUEST=REQUEST
-            ),
+            sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, title="fiche de " + etud["nom"]),
         )
     )
     H.append(
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_evaluations.py b/app/scodoc/sco_evaluations.py
index 550194809..1cf1fd804 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_evaluations.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_evaluations.py
@@ -780,7 +780,6 @@ def formsemestre_evaluations_cal(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Evaluations du semestre",
             sem,
             cssstyles=["css/calabs.css"],
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_custommenu.py b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_custommenu.py
index fea675e0e..e7cce9e1a 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_custommenu.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_custommenu.py
@@ -84,9 +84,7 @@ def formsemestre_custommenu_edit(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
         scu.NotesURL() + "/formsemestre_status?formsemestre_id=%s" % formsemestre_id
     )
     H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Modification du menu du semestre ", sem
-        ),
+        html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Modification du menu du semestre ", sem),
         """<p class="help">Ce menu, spécifique à chaque semestre, peut être utilisé pour placer des liens vers vos applications préférées.</p>
           <p class="help">Procédez en plusieurs fois si vous voulez ajouter plusieurs items.</p>""",
     ]
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_edit.py b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_edit.py
index c0a01fc74..49f94ee23 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_edit.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_edit.py
@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ def formsemestre_editwithmodules(REQUEST, formsemestre_id):
     sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(formsemestre_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Modification du semestre",
             sem,
             javascripts=["libjs/AutoSuggest.js"],
@@ -895,7 +894,6 @@ def formsemestre_clone(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Copie du semestre",
             sem,
             javascripts=["libjs/AutoSuggest.js"],
@@ -1242,7 +1240,7 @@ def formsemestre_delete(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
     sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(formsemestre_id)
     F = sco_formations.formation_list(args={"formation_id": sem["formation_id"]})[0]
     H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, "Suppression du semestre", sem),
+        html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Suppression du semestre", sem),
         """<div class="ue_warning"><span>Attention !</span>
 <p class="help">A n'utiliser qu'en cas d'erreur lors de la saisie d'une formation. Normalement,
 <b>un semestre ne doit jamais être supprimé</b> (on perd la mémoire des notes et de tous les événements liés à ce semestre !).</p>
@@ -1545,9 +1543,7 @@ def formsemestre_edit_uecoefs(formsemestre_id, err_ue_id=None, REQUEST=None):
     </p>
     """
     H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Coefficients des UE du semestre", sem
-        ),
+        html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Coefficients des UE du semestre", sem),
         help,
     ]
     #
@@ -1659,9 +1655,7 @@ def formsemestre_edit_uecoefs(formsemestre_id, err_ue_id=None, REQUEST=None):
             formsemestre_id=formsemestre_id
         )  # > modif coef UE cap (modifs notes de _certains_ etudiants)
 
-        header = html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Coefficients des UE du semestre", sem
-        )
+        header = html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Coefficients des UE du semestre", sem)
         return (
             header
             + "\n".join(z)
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_inscriptions.py b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_inscriptions.py
index 536e4743d..569a5f0e5 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_inscriptions.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_inscriptions.py
@@ -334,7 +334,6 @@ def formsemestre_inscription_with_modules(
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(etudid=etudid, filled=True)[0]
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Inscription de %s dans ce semestre" % etud["nomprenom"],
             sem,
         )
@@ -763,7 +762,6 @@ def formsemestre_inscrits_ailleurs(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
     sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(formsemestre_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Inscriptions multiples parmi les étudiants du semestre ",
             sem,
         )
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_status.py b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_status.py
index 16635a664..0599ef514 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_status.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_status.py
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ def formsemestre_description_table(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None, with_evals=Fal
         % (request.base_url, formsemestre_id, with_evals),
         page_title=title,
         html_title=html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Description du semestre", sem, with_page_header=False
+            "Description du semestre", sem, with_page_header=False
         ),
         pdf_title=title,
         preferences=sco_preferences.SemPreferences(formsemestre_id),
@@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ def formsemestre_status_head(formsemestre_id=None, REQUEST=None, page_title=None
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, page_title, sem, with_page_header=False, with_h2=False
+            page_title, sem, with_page_header=False, with_h2=False
         ),
         f"""<table>
           <tr><td class="fichetitre2">Formation: </td><td>
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_validation.py b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_validation.py
index b7b59ba3e..a77c10cb9 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_validation.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_formsemestre_validation.py
@@ -149,9 +149,7 @@ def formsemestre_validation_etud_form(
         '</td><td style="text-align: right;"><a href="%s">%s</a></td></tr></table>'
         % (
             url_for("scolar.ficheEtud", scodoc_dept=g.scodoc_dept, etudid=etudid),
-            sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
-                etud, title="fiche de %s" % etud["nom"], REQUEST=REQUEST
-            ),
+            sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, title="fiche de %s" % etud["nom"]),
         )
     )
 
@@ -824,7 +822,7 @@ def formsemestre_validation_auto(formsemestre_id, REQUEST):
     sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(formsemestre_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Saisie automatique des décisions du semestre", sem
+            "Saisie automatique des décisions du semestre", sem
         ),
         """
     <ul>
@@ -992,9 +990,7 @@ def formsemestre_validate_previous_ue(formsemestre_id, etudid, REQUEST=None):
             '</td><td style="text-align: right;"><a href="%s">%s</a></td></tr></table>'
             % (
                 url_for("scolar.ficheEtud", scodoc_dept=g.scodoc_dept, etudid=etudid),
-                sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
-                    etud, title="fiche de %s" % etud["nom"], REQUEST=REQUEST
-                ),
+                sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, title="fiche de %s" % etud["nom"]),
             )
         ),
         """<p class="help">Utiliser cette page pour enregistrer une UE validée antérieurement, 
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_inscr_passage.py b/app/scodoc/sco_inscr_passage.py
index a6c9cdc80..364ecce62 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_inscr_passage.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_inscr_passage.py
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def build_page(
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Passages dans le semestre", sem, with_page_header=False
+            "Passages dans le semestre", sem, with_page_header=False
         ),
         """<form method="post" action="%s">""" % request.base_url,
         """<input type="hidden" name="formsemestre_id" value="%(formsemestre_id)s"/>
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_liste_notes.py b/app/scodoc/sco_liste_notes.py
index e7319614e..abf2694c8 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_liste_notes.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_liste_notes.py
@@ -778,9 +778,7 @@ def evaluation_check_absences_html(
 
     if with_header:
         H = [
-            html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-                REQUEST, "Vérification absences à l'évaluation"
-            ),
+            html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Vérification absences à l'évaluation"),
             sco_evaluations.evaluation_describe(evaluation_id=evaluation_id),
             """<p class="help">Vérification de la cohérence entre les notes saisies et les absences signalées.</p>""",
         ]
@@ -866,7 +864,6 @@ def formsemestre_check_absences_html(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
     sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(formsemestre_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Vérification absences aux évaluations de ce semestre",
             sem,
         ),
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_moduleimpl_inscriptions.py b/app/scodoc/sco_moduleimpl_inscriptions.py
index 404e9c9e4..778b37488 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_moduleimpl_inscriptions.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_moduleimpl_inscriptions.py
@@ -286,9 +286,7 @@ def moduleimpl_inscriptions_stats(formsemestre_id, REQUEST=None):
             mod["nb_inscrits"] = nb_inscrits
             options.append(mod)
     # Page HTML:
-    H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, "Inscriptions aux modules du semestre")
-    ]
+    H = [html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Inscriptions aux modules du semestre")]
 
     H.append("<h3>Inscrits au semestre: %d étudiants</h3>" % len(inscrits))
 
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_page_etud.py b/app/scodoc/sco_page_etud.py
index bf9481234..7b79d06b0 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_page_etud.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_page_etud.py
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ def ficheEtud(etudid=None, REQUEST=None):
         info["info_naissance"] += " à " + info["lieu_naissance"]
     if info["dept_naissance"]:
         info["info_naissance"] += " (%s)" % info["dept_naissance"]
-    info["etudfoto"] = sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, REQUEST=REQUEST)
+    info["etudfoto"] = sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud)
     if (
         (not info["domicile"])
         and (not info["codepostaldomicile"])
@@ -540,9 +540,7 @@ def etud_info_html(etudid, with_photo="1", REQUEST=None, debug=False):
     formsemestre_id = sco_formsemestre_status.retreive_formsemestre_from_request()
     with_photo = int(with_photo)
     etud = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=True)[0]
-    photo_html = sco_photos.etud_photo_html(
-        etud, title="fiche de " + etud["nom"], REQUEST=REQUEST
-    )
+    photo_html = sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, title="fiche de " + etud["nom"])
     # experimental: may be too slow to be here
     etud["codeparcours"], etud["decisions_jury"] = sco_report.get_codeparcoursetud(
         etud, prefix="S", separator=", "
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_photos.py b/app/scodoc/sco_photos.py
index 705535902..d888c2a0f 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_photos.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_photos.py
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ def etud_photo_is_local(etud, size="small"):
     return photo_pathname(etud, size=size)
 
 
-def etud_photo_html(etud=None, etudid=None, title=None, size="small", REQUEST=None):
+def etud_photo_html(etud=None, etudid=None, title=None, size="small"):
     """HTML img tag for the photo, either in small size (h90)
     or original size (size=="orig")
     """
@@ -211,9 +211,7 @@ def etud_photo_orig_html(etud=None, etudid=None, title=None, REQUEST=None):
     Full-size images are always stored locally in the filesystem.
     They are the original uploaded images, converted in jpeg.
     """
-    return etud_photo_html(
-        etud=etud, etudid=etudid, title=title, size="orig", REQUEST=REQUEST
-    )
+    return etud_photo_html(etud=etud, etudid=etudid, title=title, size="orig")
 
 
 def photo_pathname(etud, size="orig"):
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_preferences.py b/app/scodoc/sco_preferences.py
index e2b56bed0..9b8aa725a 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_preferences.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_preferences.py
@@ -2154,7 +2154,7 @@ class SemPreferences(object):
             )  # a bug !
         sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(self.formsemestre_id)
         H = [
-            html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, "Préférences du semestre", sem),
+            html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Préférences du semestre", sem),
             """
 <p class="help">Les paramètres définis ici ne s'appliqueront qu'à ce semestre.</p>
 <p class="msg">Attention: cliquez sur "Enregistrer les modifications" en bas de page pour appliquer vos changements !</p>
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_pvjury.py b/app/scodoc/sco_pvjury.py
index b9a6a3bdf..0c737a2f3 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_pvjury.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_pvjury.py
@@ -540,7 +540,6 @@ def formsemestre_pvjury(formsemestre_id, format="html", publish=True, REQUEST=No
     tab.base_url = "%s?formsemestre_id=%s" % (request.base_url, formsemestre_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Décisions du jury pour le semestre",
             sem,
             init_qtip=True,
@@ -627,7 +626,6 @@ def formsemestre_pvjury_pdf(formsemestre_id, group_ids=[], etudid=None, REQUEST=
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Edition du PV de jury %s" % etuddescr,
             sem=sem,
             javascripts=sco_groups_view.JAVASCRIPTS,
@@ -805,7 +803,6 @@ def formsemestre_lettres_individuelles(formsemestre_id, group_ids=[], REQUEST=No
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Édition des lettres individuelles",
             sem=sem,
             javascripts=sco_groups_view.JAVASCRIPTS,
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_trombino.py b/app/scodoc/sco_trombino.py
index b8a8a63c8..532780ab2 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_trombino.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_trombino.py
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ def trombino_html(groups_infos, REQUEST=None):
             % t["etudid"]
         )
         if sco_photos.etud_photo_is_local(t, size="small"):
-            foto = sco_photos.etud_photo_html(t, title="", REQUEST=REQUEST)
+            foto = sco_photos.etud_photo_html(t, title="")
         else:  # la photo n'est pas immédiatement dispo
             foto = (
                 '<span class="unloaded_img" id="%s"><img border="0" height="90" alt="en cours" src="/ScoDoc/static/icons/loading.jpg"/></span>'
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_ue_external.py b/app/scodoc/sco_ue_external.py
index 4ebac6ea9..5b9b674b4 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_ue_external.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_ue_external.py
@@ -222,7 +222,6 @@ def external_ue_create_form(formsemestre_id, etudid, REQUEST=None):
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Ajout d'une UE externe pour %(nomprenom)s" % etud,
             sem,
             javascripts=["js/sco_ue_external.js"],
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_users.py b/app/scodoc/sco_users.py
index da1f66454..a803e0996 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_users.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_users.py
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def index_html(REQUEST, all_depts=False, with_inactives=False, format="html"):
     all_depts = int(all_depts)
     with_inactives = int(with_inactives)
 
-    H = [html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, "Gestion des utilisateurs")]
+    H = [html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Gestion des utilisateurs")]
 
     if current_user.has_permission(Permission.ScoUsersAdmin, g.scodoc_dept):
         H.append(
diff --git a/app/scodoc/sco_utils.py b/app/scodoc/sco_utils.py
index 27c9ea709..b9534891e 100644
--- a/app/scodoc/sco_utils.py
+++ b/app/scodoc/sco_utils.py
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ def sendResult(data, name=None, format=None, force_outer_xml_tag=True):
         raise ValueError("invalid format: %s" % format)
 
 
-def send_file(data, filename, suffix="", mime=None, attached=None):
+def send_file(data, filename="", suffix="", mime=None, attached=None):
     """Build Flask Response for file download of given type
     By default (attached is None), json and xml are inlined and otrher types are atteched.
     """
@@ -588,12 +588,15 @@ def send_file(data, filename, suffix="", mime=None, attached=None):
             attached = True
         else:
             attached = False
-    if suffix:
-        filename += suffix
-    filename = make_filename(filename)
+    # if attached and not filename:
+    #    raise ValueError("send_file: missing attachement filename")
+    if filename:
+        if suffix:
+            filename += suffix
+        filename = make_filename(filename)
     response = make_response(data)
     response.headers["Content-Type"] = mime
-    if attached:
+    if attached and filename:
         response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % filename
     return response
 
diff --git a/app/views/absences.py b/app/views/absences.py
index 297e642a6..d8c6810ef 100644
--- a/app/views/absences.py
+++ b/app/views/absences.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ def sco_publish(route, function, permission, methods=["GET"]):
 @scodoc
 @permission_required(Permission.ScoView)
 @scodoc7func
-def index_html(REQUEST=None):
+def index_html():
     """Gestionnaire absences, page principale"""
     # crude portage from 1999 DTML
     sems = sco_formsemestre.do_formsemestre_list()
@@ -268,7 +268,6 @@ def doSignaleAbsenceGrSemestre(
     dates="",
     etudids="",
     destination=None,
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):
     """Enregistre absences aux dates indiquees (abslist et dates).
     dates est une liste de dates ISO (séparées par des ',').
@@ -293,10 +292,10 @@ def doSignaleAbsenceGrSemestre(
 
     # 2- Ajoute les absences
     if abslist:
-        sco_abs._add_abslist(abslist, REQUEST, moduleimpl_id)
+        sco_abs.add_abslist(abslist, moduleimpl_id)
         return "Absences ajoutées"
 
-    return ""
+    return ("", 204)
 
 
 # ------------ HTML Interfaces
@@ -471,7 +470,6 @@ def SignaleAbsenceGrSemestre(
     group_ids=[],  # list of groups to display
     nbweeks=4,  # ne montre que les nbweeks dernieres semaines
     moduleimpl_id=None,
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):
     """Saisie des absences sur une journée sur un semestre (ou intervalle de dates) entier"""
     groups_infos = sco_groups_view.DisplayedGroupsInfos(group_ids)
@@ -841,7 +839,6 @@ def EtatAbsencesGr(
     fin="",
     with_boursier=True,  # colonne boursier
     format="html",
-    REQUEST=None,
 ):
     """Liste les absences de groupes"""
     datedebut = ndb.DateDMYtoISO(debut)
@@ -936,7 +933,7 @@ def EtatAbsencesGr(
             javascripts=["js/etud_info.js"],
         ),
         html_title=html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "%s" % title, sem, with_page_header=False
+            "%s" % title, sem, with_page_header=False
         )
         + "<p>Période du %s au %s (nombre de <b>demi-journées</b>)<br/>" % (debut, fin),
         base_url="%s&formsemestre_id=%s&debut=%s&fin=%s"
@@ -1060,7 +1057,6 @@ def AddBilletAbsence(
     code_nip=None,
     code_ine=None,
     justified=True,
-    REQUEST=None,
     xml_reply=True,
 ):
     """Memorise un "billet"
@@ -1096,9 +1092,6 @@ def AddBilletAbsence(
     )
     if xml_reply:
         # Renvoie le nouveau billet en XML
-        if REQUEST:
-            REQUEST.RESPONSE.setHeader("content-type", scu.XML_MIMETYPE)
-
         billets = sco_abs.billet_absence_list(cnx, {"billet_id": billet_id})
         tab = _tableBillets(billets, etud=etud)
         log("AddBilletAbsence: new billet_id=%s (%gs)" % (billet_id, time.time() - t0))
@@ -1286,7 +1279,7 @@ def listeBillets(REQUEST=None):
 @scodoc
 @permission_required(Permission.ScoAbsChange)
 @scodoc7func
-def deleteBilletAbsence(billet_id, REQUEST=None, dialog_confirmed=False):
+def deleteBilletAbsence(billet_id, dialog_confirmed=False):
     """Supprime un billet."""
     cnx = ndb.GetDBConnexion()
     billets = sco_abs.billet_absence_list(cnx, {"billet_id": billet_id})
@@ -1472,7 +1465,7 @@ def ProcessBilletAbsenceForm(billet_id, REQUEST=None):
 @scodoc
 @permission_required_compat_scodoc7(Permission.ScoView)
 @scodoc7func
-def XMLgetAbsEtud(beg_date="", end_date="", REQUEST=None):
+def XMLgetAbsEtud(beg_date="", end_date=""):
     """returns list of absences in date interval"""
     t0 = time.time()
     etuds = sco_etud.get_etud_info(filled=False)
@@ -1488,7 +1481,6 @@ def XMLgetAbsEtud(beg_date="", end_date="", REQUEST=None):
 
     abs_list = sco_abs.list_abs_date(etud["etudid"], beg_date, end_date)
 
-    REQUEST.RESPONSE.setHeader("content-type", scu.XML_MIMETYPE)
     doc = ElementTree.Element(
         "absences", etudid=str(etud["etudid"]), beg_date=beg_date, end_date=end_date
     )
@@ -1504,4 +1496,5 @@ def XMLgetAbsEtud(beg_date="", end_date="", REQUEST=None):
                 )
             )
     log("XMLgetAbsEtud (%gs)" % (time.time() - t0))
-    return sco_xml.XML_HEADER + ElementTree.tostring(doc).decode(scu.SCO_ENCODING)
+    data = sco_xml.XML_HEADER + ElementTree.tostring(doc).decode(scu.SCO_ENCODING)
+    scu.send_file(data, mime=scu.XML_MIMETYPE, attached=False)
diff --git a/app/views/notes.py b/app/views/notes.py
index 8375d6627..126b62702 100644
--- a/app/views/notes.py
+++ b/app/views/notes.py
@@ -715,7 +715,6 @@ def edit_enseignants_form(REQUEST, moduleimpl_id):
     M, sem = sco_moduleimpl.can_change_ens(moduleimpl_id)
     # --
     header = html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-        REQUEST,
         'Enseignants du <a href="moduleimpl_status?moduleimpl_id=%s">module %s</a>'
         % (moduleimpl_id, M["module"]["titre"]),
         page_title="Enseignants du module %s" % M["module"]["titre"],
@@ -837,7 +836,6 @@ def edit_moduleimpl_resp(REQUEST, moduleimpl_id):
     M, sem = sco_moduleimpl.can_change_module_resp(REQUEST, moduleimpl_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             'Modification du responsable du <a href="moduleimpl_status?moduleimpl_id=%s">module %s</a>'
             % (moduleimpl_id, M["module"]["titre"]),
             sem,
@@ -959,7 +957,6 @@ def edit_moduleimpl_expr(REQUEST, moduleimpl_id):
     M, sem = sco_moduleimpl.can_change_ens(moduleimpl_id)
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             'Modification règle de calcul du <a href="moduleimpl_status?moduleimpl_id=%s">module %s</a>'
             % (moduleimpl_id, M["module"]["titre"]),
             sem,
@@ -1066,7 +1063,6 @@ def view_module_abs(REQUEST, moduleimpl_id, format="html"):
 
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             'Absences du <a href="moduleimpl_status?moduleimpl_id=%s">module %s</a>'
             % (moduleimpl_id, M["module"]["titre"]),
             page_title="Absences du module %s" % (M["module"]["titre"]),
@@ -1117,7 +1113,6 @@ def edit_ue_expr(REQUEST, formsemestre_id, ue_id):
     ue = sco_edit_ue.do_ue_list({"ue_id": ue_id})[0]
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Modification règle de calcul de l'UE %s (%s)"
             % (ue["acronyme"], ue["titre"]),
             sem,
@@ -1258,7 +1253,7 @@ def formsemestre_enseignants_list(REQUEST, formsemestre_id, format="html"):
         html_class="table_leftalign",
         filename=scu.make_filename("Enseignants-" + sem["titreannee"]),
         html_title=html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST, "Enseignants du semestre", sem, with_page_header=False
+            "Enseignants du semestre", sem, with_page_header=False
         ),
         base_url="%s?formsemestre_id=%s" % (request.base_url, formsemestre_id),
         caption="Tous les enseignants (responsables ou associés aux modules de ce semestre) apparaissent. Le nombre de saisies d'absences est le nombre d'opérations d'ajout effectuées sur ce semestre, sans tenir compte des annulations ou double saisies.",
@@ -1513,7 +1508,7 @@ def evaluation_delete(REQUEST, evaluation_id):
     tit = "Suppression de l'évaluation %(description)s (%(jour)s)" % E
     etat = sco_evaluations.do_evaluation_etat(evaluation_id)
     H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, tit, with_h2=False),
+        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(tit, with_h2=False),
         """<h2 class="formsemestre">Module <tt>%(code)s</tt> %(titre)s</h2>""" % Mod,
         """<h3>%s</h3>""" % tit,
         """<p class="help">Opération <span class="redboldtext">irréversible</span>. Si vous supprimez l'évaluation, vous ne pourrez pas retrouver les notes associées.</p>""",
@@ -1778,7 +1773,7 @@ def formsemestre_bulletins_choice(
     """Choix d'une version de bulletin"""
     sem = sco_formsemestre.get_formsemestre(formsemestre_id)
     H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, title, sem),
+        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(title, sem),
         """
       <form name="f" method="GET" action="%s">
       <input type="hidden" name="formsemestre_id" value="%s"></input>
diff --git a/app/views/scolar.py b/app/views/scolar.py
index ec082ce66..1c7f3eef2 100644
--- a/app/views/scolar.py
+++ b/app/views/scolar.py
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ def formChangePhoto(etudid=None, REQUEST=None):
             <p>Photo actuelle (%(photoloc)s):             
             """
         % etud,
-        sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, title="photo actuelle", REQUEST=REQUEST),
+        sco_photos.etud_photo_html(etud, title="photo actuelle"),
         """</p><p>Le fichier ne doit pas dépasser 500Ko (recadrer l'image, format "portrait" de préférence).</p>
             <p>L'image sera automagiquement réduite pour obtenir une hauteur de 90 pixels.</p>
             """,
@@ -1640,7 +1640,6 @@ def check_group_apogee(group_id, REQUEST=None, etat=None, fix=False, fixmail=Fal
     cnx = ndb.GetDBConnexion()
     H = [
         html_sco_header.html_sem_header(
-            REQUEST,
             "Etudiants du %s" % (group["group_name"] or "semestre"),
             sem,
         ),
@@ -2081,7 +2080,7 @@ def formsemestre_import_etud_admission(
         formsemestre_id, import_identite=True, import_email=import_email
     )
     H = [
-        html_sco_header.html_sem_header(REQUEST, "Reimport données admission"),
+        html_sco_header.html_sem_header("Reimport données admission"),
         "<h3>Opération effectuée</h3>",
     ]
     if no_nip: